Purpose: To investigate the changes in the enamel bond performance of a two-step adhesive containing a primer derived from a universal adhesive in the early phase before 24 h and compare them to those of other adhesives. The Knoop hardness number (KHN) of the cured adhesive layers and resin composite was measured.
Materials and Methods: A new two-step adhesive using universal adhesive technology, G2-Bond Universal, was tested. Two conventional two-step adhesives, Clearfil SE Bond 2 and OptiBond eXTRa, and an established universal adhesive, Scotchbond Universal Plus Adhesive, were used as comparison materials. Twelve specimens per group were used to measure the shear bond strength (SBS) to bovine enamel in different etching modes. The bonded specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 5 min or 1, 6, 12, or 24 h before SBS testing. The KHN of the adhesive layer and resin composite was determined after the same storage periods as for SBS testing.
Results: All adhesives exhibited increased SBS with prolonged storage periods, irrespective of the etching mode. The KHN of the adhesive layer and resin composite increased over time.
Conclusions: There were strong positive correlations between the SBS and KHN of the adhesive layer and resin composite. Phosphoric acid pre-etching of enamel effectively increases enamel bond performance. The two-step adhesive G2-Bond Universal demonstrated significantly higher bond strength in the early phase than the other adhesives in self-etch mode.