International Poster Journal of Dentistry and Oral Medicine, 03/2023

Introduction: Preventive dental care for early childhood caries in children with special needs such as cleft lip and palate (CLP) is more important than in children without this condition. Case reports: Prevention at various levels is required in present cases of CLP patients in primary and mixed dentition periods. A four-year-old CLP patient had early childhood caries (ECC) as smooth surface carious lesions in 51 and 61. The preventive needs for this child included counselling and professional preventive procedures to prevent caries in primary molars among others. CLP cases II and III were in the mixed dentition period. Preventive resin restorations were planned for permanent molars, while prevention procedures at secondary and tertiary levels check disease progression in permanent teeth. Conclusion: The level of prevention in cleft lip and palate children is age specific and depends upon the oral and systemic status of the patient. Schlagwörter: cleft lip and palate, prevention, mixed dentition, early childhood caries

Background: Accidental ingestion or aspiration of foreign bodies is a complication often reported during dental procedures. Failure to identify and manage these complications appropriately can prove to be a potential life-threatening emergency situation. Dental students are amongst the least trained hands tending to the care of dental patients, and thus they may encounter such situation during their training /formative years. Aim: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of dental students regarding the management of foreign body ingestion/aspiration in patients undergoing dental treatment through a web-based questionnaire study. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out and a pre-validated web-based questionnaire that comprised close-ended and partially close-ended questions in four categories was circulated through e-mail along with the informed consent to 303 students. Results: Undergraduate, graduate and post graduate students have knowledge about the ingestion/aspiration of foreign bodies during dental procedures. However, there was no statistically significant difference in knowledge and attitude scores amongst them. Conclusion: This study concludes that though there is awareness amongst dental students regarding ingestion/ aspiration of various materials during dental procedures, the reporting of such accidents is minimal as they are intimidated by the notion of its consequences. Thus, the suggested methods should be considered and brought into execution. Schlagwörter: KAP, aspiration/ingestion of foreign bodies

Background: Forensic odontology is an essential branch of forensic sciences. The dental practitioner’s understanding of forensic odontology is necessary, as the pulp of the tooth is protected by hard tissue which gives an accurate source of recognition of the victim or the suspect with proper identification, investigation and assessment of dental evidence, as well as preservation of dental findings. Hence, this study is conducted to analyse the awareness of basic knowledge and interest in forensic odontology among Interns and postgraduate students at the university. Methods: This is an institution-based study conducted among 150 students including interns and postgraduate students. A validated customized questionnaire on knowledge and attitude was given to the participants. The data was tabulated and statistically analysed. Results: The present study showed postgraduates have more knowledge and awareness of the importance and understanding of forensic odontology as a part of forensic sciences, whereas interns lack interest and knowledge. Conclusion: This study concludes that forensic odontology should be effectively included as a separate subject in the academic curriculum to encourage students towards better understanding and as a field of interest. Schlagwörter: Knowledge, interest, forensic odontology, dental students

Background: Propolis (bee glue) has been known since ancient times. The healing properties of propolis have long been known, and it was extensively used as a medicine. But in the Middle Ages, the popularity of propolis faded, and its use in mainstream medicine disappeared. Now, in the scientific world propolis has emerged as an active and important material for efficient treatment options for various diseases. In today’s world, people are more inclined towards natural products for curing disease over manmade products. The natural product propolis is a great help, as it is a non-toxic resinous substance which has antimicrobial, anticancer, antifungal, antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties in dentistry, oral health and medicine. Propolis can be used as caries prevention and treatment, as a supragingival plaque, gingivitis and periodontitis medicament, in cavity disinfection solutions, intracanal and root canal medicaments, as dental pulp medicament, and for wound and bone healing. Propolis can be used for oral mycosis treatments and as a potential treatment for oral cancer. Methodology: A literature search was carried out using online databases such as ‘Google Scholar’, ‘Pubmed’ and ‘Scopus’ during the last 5 years, and a narrative review is carried out. Results: Propolis is potentially useful in dentistry and oral health management. On the basis of 15 articles reviewed, it is observed that use of propolis in preventive dentistry is 33% followed by 24% in endodontics, 19% in oncology, 14% in periodontics, 9% in dental trauma and orthodontics. Conclusion: Propolis is rated among few natural remedies, with a wide range of applications in both dentistry and medicine. Propolis and its phenolic and flavonoid constituents have many therapeutic uses in dentistry, oral health, and medicine due to its antibacterial, antiviral antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties which have been demonstrated in various in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo studies, as well as in human clinical trials. Schlagwörter: Propolis, antimicrobial, bee glue, oral health, dental

No previous epidemiological study has investigated the effect of predisposing factors of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) on the type of crown fracture in young incisors among children residing in Gurugram. Such information is required for the planning and evaluation of health services. The aim of this case series was to assess the relationship of TDIs and associated factors among 8-15 year-old schoolchildren in Gurugram, Haryana. The consequence of a fractured tooth depends on the type of injury, delay in treatment, if any, and quality of treatment rendered. Studying all these aspects may improve our understanding of how maxillary anterior teeth behave as one aesthetic and functional unit and might give us a better insight for the formulation of treatment planning. Schlagwörter: Young incisors, fracture, trauma, predisposing factors

Arteriovenöse Malformationen (AVM) sind angeborene Gefäßmissbildungen, die im Hirngewebe oder dessen unmittelbarer Nachbarschaft wachsen und in die Umgebung infiltrieren können. Sie bestehen aus einem Nidus, in den zuführende arterielle Gefäße münden und venöse Gefäße herausführen. Da die AVM aber oft ein unübersichtliches Knäuel ist, kann man die einzelnen Elemente schwer unterscheiden. Der Nidus ist definitionsgemäß der Ort, an dem die Arterien ohne zwischengeschaltetes Kapillarbett kurzschlussartig direkt in die Venen übergehen. Dies führt zu einem hohen Blutdruck und -fluss in den Venen, die erweitert sein und perforieren können. Wenn eine AVM spontan blutet, kann sie „symptomatisch“ werden, d.h. Beschwerden hervorrufen. Eine Abschätzung der Blutungswahrscheinlichkeit von AVM ist für den Einzelfall nahezu unmöglich, insgesamt geht man von einer jährlichen Blutungsinzidenz zwischen 1 – 4% aus. Im vorliegenden Fall berichten wir über einen 70-jährigen Patienten mit einer AV-Malformation der Temporalregion links, der im Juli 2022 aufgrund einer seit ca. drei Jahren progredienten Halsveneneinflussstauung links mit Rückstau bis in die linke Schläfenregion konsiliarisch in unserer Klinik vorgestellt wurde. Weiterhin klagte der Patient über wiederholt unter Ruhebedingungen auftretende Strömungsgeräusche mit Tinnitus und über ein Schwirren links temporal sowie Schmerzen bei Berührung der klinisch diskret erhabenen Weichgewebsveränderung. Im CT der supraaortalen Gefäße zeigte sich eine ausgeprägte extrakranielle Gefäßektasie links temporal mit Kontrastierung der Vv. jugularis externa und interna bereits in der arteriellen Phase, in erster Linie bei high-flow-AV-Fistel. Zur weiteren Diagnostik wurde dann eine zerebrale Panagiografie durchgeführt. Diese bestätigte das Vorliegen einer extrakraniellen galealen arteriovenösen High-Flow-Malformation mit arterieller Versorgung vor allem aus Ästen der Arteria temporalis superficialis und venöser Drainage hauptsächlich über die linke Vena jugularis externa. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurde die AVM zunächst interventionell von unseren Neuroradiologen durch einen kombinierten transvenösen-transarteriellen Eingriff zirkulatorisch ausgeschaltet und eine Woche später durch uns schlussendlich chirurgisch über einen Hemibügelschnitt entfernt. Durch die stattgehabte Embolisation ergaben sich intraoperativ keine relevanten Blutungskomplikationen. Nach aktuellen Therapiestandards werden größere AVM in der Regel zuerst katheterbasiert embolisiert und im Intervall in einer Operation vollständig entfernt. Aus unserer Erfahrung nach ist ein Abstand von einer Woche zwischen Embolisation und Operation optimal. Schlagwörter: Arteriovenöse Malformationen (AVM)

Introduction: Prevention of caries in primary dentition requires multidisciplinary efforts and good child rearing practices. Anticipatory guidance becomes case specific in cases of dental neglect amongst preschool children. It requires management at both the parental and patient level. Case report: Anticipatory guidance is proactive counselling of parents and patients about daily care of teeth when talking about caries prevention. Present cases of dental neglect need anticipatory guidance for caries prevention in newly erupted teeth and development of regular oral health practices in children supported by parents. Communication, education, and motivation to guide the parents and children were carried out in these dental neglect cases of severe early childhood caries (SECC). Pit and fissure sealants are used as primary preventive method for caries prevention in primary molars and permanent molars. Customized anticipatory guidance is required in cases suffering from severe dental neglect due to SECC. Conclusion: Organized case-specific anticipatory guidance is needed to prevent caries progression in children with dental neglect. Schlagwörter: Early childhood caries, dental neglect, anticipatory guidance

Mucormycosis is a serious but rare fungal infection caused by a group of moulds called mucormycetes. Mucormycosis, or the deadly black fungus, is a life-threatening fungal infection belonging to the order Mucorales. It is an opportunistic infection, the hyphae of which commonly occur in soil, manure, fruits, and decaying matter along with the nasal passages and oral cavities of a normal person. COVID-19 has put the entire world in a turbulent situation that enhances immunosuppression. Former co-morbidities and their medications have made the patients susceptible to secondary fungal infections such as Mucormycosis. This fungal infection is a life-threatening condition. In this presentation, a case treated with corticosteroids post-COVID resulting in immunosuppression and increased chances for opportunistic infections will be discussed. Schlagwörter: Mucormycosis, COVID-19, fungal infection, immunosuppression

Primary oral mucosal melanoma is a rare aggressive neoplasm and accounts for only 0.2-8% of all reported melanomas. It is a malignant neoplasm of melanocytes that may arise from a benign melanocytic lesion or de novo from melanocytes within normal skin or mucosa. It is considered to be the most deadly of all human neoplasms and occurs commonly in the maxillary gingiva, more frequently on the palate, and with fewer incidences in the mandibular gingiva. Though these lesions are biologically aggressive, they often go unnoticed since they are clinically asymptomatic in the early stages and usually present merely as a hyper-pigmented patch on the gingival surface. These lesions if diagnosed at an early in situ stage definitely have a better prognosis, but unfortunately, as they are clinically asymptomatic, diagnosis is often delayed, thus making the prognosis extremely poor. This poster presents a patient who visited with the complaint of swelling in the right maxilla for one year with darkened patches on the gums. Initially asymptomatic, but pain had gradually progressed. Histopathologic investigation confirmed the diagnosis as 'Oral Mucosal Melanoma'. The patient underwent wide local excision of the lesion with hemi-maxillectomy and modified radical neck dissection under GA. Post-operative healing was satisfactory. Diagnosis must be based on a thorough detailed history and valid histologic evidence. Schlagwörter: Melanoma, oral melanoma, prognostic factors

Die Entfernung von retinierten und verlagerten Zähnen zählt zu den häufigsten Eingriffen in der dentoalveolären Chirurgie. Bis zu 80% der Bevölkerung haben mindestens einen im Kiefer retinierten Weisheitszahn. Im vorliegenden Fallbericht wurde ein hochverlagerter Zahnkeim 28 aufgrund seiner engen Lagebeziehung zu den Wurzeln des Zahnes 27 und zum Sinus maxillaris mittels Piezotom über ein Kieferhöhlenfenster entfernt. Mit der Piezochirurgie kommt es zu einer nachgewiesenen Reduktion der Gefährdung von weichgewebigen Nachbarstrukturen wie der Schneider'sche Membran. Zur Schonung und für den Erhalt der Kieferhöhlenschleimhaut wurde ein Knochendeckel präpariert und nach der Zahnentfernung mit Nähten refixiert. Die jeweilige operative Technik sollte folglich immer patientenindividuell ausgewählt werden. Schlagwörter: Weisheitszahn, Piezotom