Progression of degenerative joint disease is dependent on the underlying pathologic and/or reactive processes involved that, in general, compromise tissue adaptability. A review of clinical and experimental literature relating to degenerative joint disease is presented. Epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis are described with particular emphasis given to the temporomandibular joint. This article describes factors affecting the temporomandibular joint remodeling/degeneration parity and presents rationale for approaches to diagnosis and treatment.