Purpose: To investigate the effect of cancer treatment on the worsening of dental caries and periodontal disease.
Materials and Methods: Fifty-three adult cancer patients who underwent panoramic radiography before cancer treatment and 1–2 years later were enrolled in this study. They received professional oral care, including oral hygiene instruction, scaling and root planing, professional mechanical tooth cleaning, and dental treatment or extraction of any tooth with the source of infection. Age, sex, smoking habit, probing pocket depth, alveolar bone loss, oral hygiene, number of teeth, leukocytes, haemoglobin, and albumin counts, cancer treatment, the administration of immunosuppressants, worsening of dental caries, and alveolar bone loss after 1–2 years were examined. Factors related to the worsening of dental caries and alveolar bone loss were analysed using logistic regression analysis.
Results: Dental caries and periodontal disease worsened in 20.8% of the patients. Smoking habit and chemotherapy were independent risk factors for the worsening of dental caries, while alveolar bone loss greater than 1/3 and chemotherapy were independent risk factors related to worsening periodontal disease.
Conclusion: Anticancer drug treatment is an exacerbating factor for dental caries and periodontal disease. Keywords: chemotherapy, periodontal disease, perioperative oral management, radiotherapy, risk factor