The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of an osteogenic medium supplemented with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) BB and osteogenic protein (OP) 1 on the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in an anorganic bovine cancellous bone scaffold. At day 7, there was a statistically significant increase in the number of cells in the scaffolds in the group treated with the medium supplemented with both PDGF-BB and OP-1 when compared with the control groups. The highest alkaline phosphate levels, at 14 and 21 days, were recorded for the samples in medium supplemented with OP-1 alone reflecting osteogenic differentiation. The results commend OP-1, as well as PDGF-BB, for incorporation into porous mineral scaffolds for vertical ridge augmentation.