The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of equinederived bone matrix as a carrier for recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor BB (rhPDGF-BB) versus beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) for the treatment of intraosseous periodontal defects in adult patients. This study was performed on 32 adults with advanced periodontal disease. Eligible subjects were randomized in 1:1 ratio into a test (rhPDGF-BB-coated equine-derived bone matrix) or control group (rhPDGF-BB-coated β-TCP). Probing pocket depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival recession (GR), and defect depth on radiographs were measured at 2 weeks before surgery, on the day of surgery (DOS), and 6 months postsurgery (6MPS). The clinical and radiographic data were analyzed over the test period. Statistically significant PD reductions and CAL gain between baseline and 6MPS and between ODS and 6MPS were seen in both groups (P .01). No statistically significant differences in PD reduction were found between groups. However, the test group showed significant CAL gain between DOS and 6MPS. The radiographic bone level change was statistically significant compared to baseline (P .01) in both groups. The results suggested that equine-derived bone matrix is a viable, effective, and safe carrier scaffold for rhPDGF in periodontal defects.