International Poster Journal of Dentistry and Oral Medicine, Supplement CAMLOG/2016

Aims: To evaluate the effect of implant abutment materials (zirconia and titanium) on peri-implant soft and hard tissues changing level after superstructures were placed. Materials and methods: The patient a healthy, 27 year old female, had four congenital missing teeth of 13, 23, 35 and 45. Besides both mandibular second primary molars were prolonged retention. Four camlog K-Series SCREW-LINE Promote plus implants (13, 23: ∅3.8mm, length 11mm, 35, 45: ∅4.3mm, length 11mm) have been placed. After uneventful healing, impressions were taken to fabricate the screw-retained provisional crowns. After three months, final impression was taken using custom impression post with the emergence profile of the temporary crown. Zirconia (23, 35) and titanium abutments (13, 45) with but joint were placed. All ceramic crowns were cemented adhesively on each abutment. Digital standardized peri-apical radiographs using customized film holders were taken at the placement of all ceramic crowns, and at 1, 2 and 3 years after. At once, an impression was taken for making diagnostic model of evaluating soft tissue. Marginal peri-implant bone levels were measured at the mesial and distal surfaces of each implant using digital image software. Also soft tissue levels were measured midbuccal line of the prosthetic by using diagnostic models with silicon keys. Results: There was no difference between zirconia and titanium abutments regarding bone level around implant after 3 years (zirconia abutment 0.12 ± 0.23 mm, titanium abutment − 0.03 ± 0.19 mm). The soft tissue levels were 0.04 mm and 0.19 mm recession from a reference line after, respectively. Conclusions: There is limited clinical information regarding the effect to hard and soft tissue around implant abutment between titanium and zirconia. Results of this study suggest that both abutment materials may be effective in reducing bone loss and in preserving esthetics around dental implants. Keywords: peri-implant soft and hard tissues, zirconia and titanium abutments

Quantitative Sensory Testing (QST) of the German Research Network on Neuropathic Pain (DFNS) is an established psychophysiological approach to detect and quantify sensory disturbances. The protocol was adapted for extra- and intraoral use in the innervation region of the inferior alveolar nerve. This enables the measurement of neurophysiological changes associated with implant placement. To perform an implant placement, augmentation procedures have to be implemented in cases with an atrophied jaw. Defect size indicates the type of augmentation procedure. Test hypothesis of this study was that implant placement associated with augmentation procedures will increase the possibility for sensory disturbances. Furthermore, various hard and soft tissue augmentations might result in impaired quality of life during the healing period. Keywords: Neurophysiological changes, implant placement, augmentation procedures, QST

Introduction: For implant planning, clinical evaluation, model study, radiographic exams are necessary. Through the radiographic exams, alveolar bone and basal bone quantity and quality could be evaluated. It is very important to determine the location and length of the implant. Panorama is simple and it shows the maxilla and mandibular anatomical structures at a glance. However, the image is different from the anterior and posterior / horizontal and vertical magnification. Cone-Beam CT(CBCT) is accurate and there is no overlap of the surrounding tissue. However, the relatively long exposure time can cause errors due to patient motion. Two different imaging modalities used for pre-implant assessment were compared in this study: panorama and CBCT reformatted panoramic images. Patients & Method: Twenty-two Patients(42 implant sites) with edentulous state on premolar and molar regions were included in this study conducted between June 2014 to February 2015. In each patient, panorama(Vatech, Korea) and reformatted panoramic image from CBCT(Vatech, Korea) using Simplant®(Materialise, Belgium) were compared . Distance from the maxillary sinus and inferior alveolar nerve to alveolar crest were compared at premolar and molar regions. Result: The length measurement error appeared to vary from 0.19 ~ 7.1mm. The average error was 2.65 mm between Panorama and reformatted panoramic image. In mandible, the length was measured longer on all implant sites digital panorama than CBCT reformatted panoramic images, however, in maxilla it did not show significant differences in the length measurement. Conclusion: If the length is insufficient (less than 10mm) in panorama, CBCT exam is considered to be necessary especially in mandible. Keywords: CBCT, Panorama, Dental implant

Digital impression systems in implant dentistry are growing in popularity as it may simplify the impression procedure, increase accuracy, decrease chair-time and enable digital integration with dental laboratories. Digital impressions eliminate the technique sensitivity and patient discomfort of using impression materials, and the 3D digital models create highly accurate and detailed restorations. Captured using safe, non-invasive imaging technologies, digital impressions are available for a range of restorative procedures. The images produced are ready almost instantly and can be sent directly to a dental lab or to a chairside CAD/CAM system without the need to pour a model or pay for shipping. Limitations of this type of impression are the additional cost of purchasing an intraoral scanner and the learning curve for adjusting to the new technology. The aim of this literature review was to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of using digital impression systems in implant dentistry. Keywords: digital impression, marginal fit, internal fit, dimensional accuracy, fixed dental prosthesis, implant dentistry

Sinus lift is a surgery that has many advantages if the deep area of the sinus can be seen directly, but is usually done blindly. It is impossible for dentists to actually visualize the membrane in real-time. It is also difficult to see and take care of the deep area of the sinus when we lift the maxillary sinus membrane. The endoscope allows us to directly see and elevate the membrane. Sinus augmentation and simultaneous implant surgery was performed on #16 and 17. Endoscope (KARL STORZ,φ4.0mm andφ2.7mm) was used to observe the maxillary sinus membrane and to augment the sinus. By using the endoscope, it helps us to directly see and safely elevate the maxillary sinus membrane. Patient was 64 years woman who lost #16,17 teeth. (fig1and fig2) A small round lateral window (φ8mm diameter) was made in the right maxillary bone using a Piezo surgery device. An endoscope camera (KARL STORZ, φ4.0mm) was inserted into the small window. The sinus membrane was lifted by directly observing through the endoscope monitor. By changing the camera tip (φ2.7mm camera), a camera was placed into the deep part of sinus and the membrane was lifted. Sinus augmentation can be done more quickly and safely because we can actually visualize what is going on in the sinus, and the anatomical structures can be observed using the endoscope camera. Due to direct visualization deep inside the sinus, we are able to see the structure of the sinus. The endoscope may allow a quicker and safer sinus lift surgery. Because conventional sinus lift surgery is done blindly, it may seem like the deep part of the sinus membrane may be difficult to lift. Using an endoscope and inserting it to a small access hole from the lateral window, safe and minimally invasive sinus augmentation is possible. The difficulty of using an endoscope may be using a monitor to see what is being done. The actual surgery is done without seeing the sinus directly, but through a monitor. Therefore, additional training is necessary before applying this technique to patients. More study and research are needed for safe, visible sinus lift surgery. Author: Tetsuya Maejima, D.D.S. Medical company: EHD (Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan) Keywords: sinus, endoscope, sinus lift, implant, maxillary

In a case series the CAD/CAM process of fixed immediate dentures including 3D-planning, fabrication and integration of the temporary restoration will be introduced. The newly developed COMFOUR System offers the clinician to provide fixed restorations for edentulous patients using the Malo treatment protocol and ensure a safe and a prosthetically oriented outcome. Template-guided implantation is recommended to optimally use local bone without the need for augmentation and to insert the implants in prothetically ideal positions. By superimposing the STL data of the diagnostic wax-up and the CBCT data of the patient the ideal positions of the implants can be virtually chosen and a stereolithographic template is fabricated including the three dimensional information of the implants. All emerged data in this process (digital model, diagnostic wax-up and virtual implant position) are used for the digital design of the temporary therapeutic denture. The STL data of the construction design is sent to a milling center (DEDICAM) fabricating the temporary therapeutic denture with an eligible material (Telio-CAD). After implantation the temporary restoration can be finished by veneering titanium caps optionally on the bar lab analog on a working model or on the definitely in the implant inserted bar abutments. The complete temporary restoration is then fixated to the bar abutment with prosthetic screws. The final delivery of the temporary restoration can be scheduled only a few hours after insertion of the implants. This approach allows the dentist to achieve a functional and esthetic temporary therapeutic denture finished on the day of surgery. Furthermore, the use of a biocompatible, comfortable and stable material ensures good oral hygiene. The advantage of the consequent CAD/CAM workflow is the fact that it provides all steps needed in the process, thus neither additional treatment time nor additional laboratory time, increasing the costs, are necessary. Keywords: CAD/CAM, edentulous jaw, fixed temporary restoration

Introduction: The implant-prosthetic treatment of the severely atrophied maxilla requires an accurate radiological CBCT evaluation. In order to obtain success of implant therapy in the preliminary stages it is essential to assess the amount of available bone. The aim of the work: The purpose of this presentation is to show the result of implant-prosthetic treatment obtained with procedure for reconstruction that involved the use of autogenous bone grafts, short dental implants and the evaluation of masticatory function in this individual conditions analyzed by static and dynamic occlusion in new restoration. Methods and materials: The surgical procedure was performed using piezosurgery technique on an outpatient basis utilizing intravenous sedation and local anesthesia. In this particular case in order to manage the site of vertical and horizontal atrophy it was decided to use the bone blocks grafts harvested from the mandibular anterior symphysis. Once the revascularization and integration was obtained the implant therapy was performed. Implant receptor sites were evaluated by CBCT and 4 short Camlog (Conelog) implants were inserted in the augmented maxillary ridge. The primary and secondary stability of the implants were measured by ISQ (Ostell). The next stage was to create removable prosthetic reconstruction supported by four short dental implants with the use of locator prosthetic solution. In the course of the prosthetic treatment the patient survey was conducted using electromiographic BioEMG III (Bioresearch, Milwaukee,USA) for analysing the temporal muscle and masseter tension, axiography analysis, vibroacustic analysis as well as static and dynamic evaluation of occlusion in order to monitor potential changes in new restoration. Conclusions: The coordination of prosthetic and surgical treatment guarantees optimal surgical and prosthetic effect of the therapy, including both anatomical structures and prosthetic functional requirements. The implant-prosthetic rehabilitation is a current practice in clinic dentistry and it's characterized by safe and predictable result in long term. Keywords: autogenus bone blocks, short implants, atrophy

Introduction: Bilateral and Unilateral edentulous areas located posterior to the remaining natural teeth occurs in patients with reduced dental arch leads to the adoption of increased occlusal forces in the front of arch leading to pathological tooth wear. This condition is referred to as posterior bite collapse. As a consequence there is a reduction of vertical and horizontal height of occlusion and posterior change in the position of joint head of the temporomandibular joint. Restoration of unilateral and bilateral missing teeth using implants reconstruct of the continuity of the dental arches, but should also pay attention to the severity of dysfunction changes in a motor masticatory system. The aim of the study was to evaluate the temporal muscle and masseter tension, axiography analysis, vibroacoustic analysis and dynamic analysis of occlusion in patients with bilateral and unilateral edentulous areas located posterior to the remaining natural teeth in patients with dental implant treatment. Material and Methods: A total of 5 people aged 47 to 74 years (2 men and 3 women). The study was conducted at the Specialist Dental Clinic (Katowice, Poland). For the evaluation of degree TMJ dysfunction was used the Helkimo index. The patient survey was conducted using electromyographic BioEMG III (Bioresearch, Milwaukee, USA), which included 2 pairs of muscles: the front part of the temporal and masseter muscles in order to monitor potential chan ges. At the same time carried out an analysis of registration of vibration in the temporomandibular joint on the right and left using BioJVA (Bioresearch, Milwaukee, USA). Headphones with an accelerometer placed directly in the area of both joints and was connected to an amplifier vibration. Electronic analysis also uses ultrasonic diagnostic system JMA (Zebris Medical GmbH, Isny im Allgäu, Germany). Patients masticatory function were analyzed in the individual conditions of static and dynamic occlusion in new restorations, as well as the free movement of the jaw. Conclusions: The parameters like length of the condylar path, muscle tension, clicking intensity may be a significant value characterising the degree of intensification of the TMD patients with posterior bite collapse. Keywords: electromyography, TMJ ultrasonic analysis, TMJ vibroacoustic analysis

Introduction: Infrared thermography technique is still unique, increasingly applied in various fields of medicine and dentistry. It is non-invasive scanning that allows the representation of the body surface thermal distribution, the heat exchange processes between skin tissue, inner tissue, local vasculature, and metabolic activity. The aim of the study was to capture the thermal images of dentoalveolar region in maxilla during entire dental implant treatment. Materials and Method: In one patient the surgical procedure was performed under local anesthesia. In this case it was decided to use the short Camlog Implants (diameter: 3,7 mm; L 7 mm and 13 diameter 4,3mm; L 7 mm) in atrophied maxillary ridge in region 11 and 13. The primary and secondary stability of the implants were measured by ISQ (Ostell). The Thermal image was capture using ThermaCam (Flir T430sc). The at a distance of one meter from the patient's face, and the images were analyzed using the ResearchIR, a thermal software with version 4.20.2 supported by FLIR T430sc camera (www.flir.com). The software provides the settings for object parameters like emissivity (0.95), reflected apparent temperature (25°C), atmospheric temperature (23°C), relative humidity (50 %), and distance of measure (1 meter). Thermographic images were made: before surgery, during anesthesia, during incisions, at the time of implant bed preperation, irrigation of the operative field, final manual positioning of the implant insertion by rachettes, suturing of the soft tissues. Conclusion: The temperature during the entire surgical procedures was considerably changed. application of the conventional 0,9%NaCl cooling significantly lowers the temperature of the surrounding bone during the implant site preparation. Keywords: thermography, dental implants

Background and aim: The most common etiology of creating the communication between maxillary sinus and oral cavity is upper premolars or molars extraction. Nowadays most patients expect reconstruction of missing tooth using dental implants. A main factor for successful implant therapy is the presence of an adequate quantity and quality of bone. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of the surgical treatment using bone augmentation of the oro-antral perforation (OAP) following maxillary posterior teeth extraction. Methods and materials: The study was performed in 1 patient, woman who was in good health, at age 28. As the OAP was diagnosed after 16 tooth extraction, it was sutured closed by buccal flap method. Three months later 26 tooth was extracted and the OAP was also diagnosed. It was augmented using ksenograft material (Geistlisch Bio - Oss), collagen membrane (Geistlisch Bio - Gide) and sutured closed by the same method. The measure of postoperative defect and bone regeneration progress were conducted basing on CBCT performed 3 days and 6 months after every surgery. Results: Patient had a successful OAP closure and no sinusitis in both sides. Bone thickness after 6 months was 1 mm where 16 tooth was extracted and 11,72 mm on the side, where 26 tooth was extracted. Conclusions: The buccal flap method does not ensure bone regeneration after OAP, but it is effective for closure. The thickness of the regenerated bone after augmentation was satisfactory for implantology treatment. Keywords: oro-antral perforation, oro-antral communication, bone regeneration, buccal flap technique, internal sinus lift, dental implants

Aim: Proper implant position, reduced number of visits in the dental office, reduced overall treatment time and costs, preservation of bone at the site of implantation, optimal soft tissue esthetics, and enhanced patient satisfaction are the major advantages of immediate implant placement. Repeated abutment manipulation leads to the tear of the mucosal seal around the healing caps and/or abutments and as a consequence, biologic width may migrate apically and marginal vertical bone loss may occur. Fabrication and insertion of definitive customized abutment immediately after implantation may prevent this migration. Case: The upper left first premolar with the vertical tooth fracture was extracted and immediately a bone level implant was inserted (Conelog; diameter: 4.3 mm and height: 11 mm) in the 50-year-old female patient. Immediatly after implantation, a digital impression (Cerec Bluecam AC, Sirona) was made using a titanium base and a scan-body. A premolar crown and a custom abutment were designed (Cerec 4.0, Sirona) and the abutment was milled (Cerec MCXL, Sirona) from a lithium-disilicate abutment block (e.max Abutment Solutions, A14, MO, IvoclarVivadent). Following crystallization procedures, the collar of the ceramic part was mechanically polished and luted to the titanium base using a self-curing resin cement (Multilink Hybrid Abutment, IvoclarVivadent). The hybrid abutment was tried intra-orally to check the appropriate emergence profile and the coronal part was modelled from a composite resin with layering technique leaving the screw hole exposed. Following the polishing procedures, the abutment crown was placed and torqued with 15 Ncm. After 3-months, only the temporary coronal part was removed and the final restoration was produced on the previous digital data from a glass ceramic block (e.max CAD, IvoclarVivadent) by a CAD/CAM system (Cerec MCXL). The final crown was luted using a dual-curing resin cement (RelyX ultimate, 3M ESPE) and the patient was followed up for 9 months. Conclusion: The results of this case report suggest that especially soft tissue structure and bone loss can be prevented by not dis/reconnecting the mounted individualized abutment immediately following immediate implant placement. Keywords: Immediate implantation, custom abutment, lithium disilicate

Aims: Reliable implant-supported rehabilitation of an edentulous alveolar ridge needs sufficient volume of bone. In order to achieve a prosthetic-driven positioning, bone graft techniques may be required. This clinical case report demonstrates the success of Conelog dental implants in the horizontally augmented maxillary arch. Case: The 64-year-old female patient with missing left lateral, canine, premolars and molars, had her atrophic ridge augmented with a xenogeneic bone graft and titanium membrane fixed with pins. After 6 months, three dental implants (Conelog; 3.8x11mm, 3.8x11mm and 4.3x11mm, respectively) were placed in an optimal three-dimensional position in the canine, second premolar and second molar regions into the newly formed bone. Four-months later, definitive metal-ceramic fixed dental prosthesis were constructed and cemented with a dual-curing resin cement (Rely X U-200, 3M ESPE). The patient was followed for 2 years and exhibited uneventful progress about the bone levels and periodontal health. Conclusion: This case report suggests that bone level dental implants allow proper primary stability followed by augmentation procedures performed using xenogeneic bone graft and titanium membrane in the reconstruction of the atrophic maxilla. Keywords: Horizontal bone augmentation, xenogeneic bone graft, titanium membrane

Japan is a super-aged society with the highest life expectancy in the world. The prevalence of osteoporosis drastically increases with age following menopause. It is said that 12.8 million patients in Japan suffer from osteoporosis and patients administered bisphosphonate , which is considered the top choice drug for osteoporosis according to the guidelines, have a high probability of undergoing implant treatment. Bisphosphonate (BP) is specifically incorporated into osteoclasts, thereby inducing apoptosis and suppressing bone resorption, and is therefore widely used for osteoporosis and cancer metastasis of the bone. However, cases of BP-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) are problematically increasing as a complication thereof. While dental extraction often triggers the onset thereof, dental implant treatment may also act as a trigger. There is still no treatment established for BRONJ, so once it occurs, it is intractable. We herein report on our experience regarding cases in which good results were achieved by carrying out surgical treatment on patients in which BRONJ was triggered by dental implants. Moreover, we report on the current state and correspondence of implant treatment with respect to osteoporosis patients with some bibliographical considerations. Dental implant treatment should be given careful consideration when there is a strong demand from osteoporosis patients being administered BP. Dentists should explain to patients the onset risk of osteonecrosis of the jaw, obtain their consent, and consider the advisability while taking into consideration the administration period of BP and the risk factors of such patients. Keywords: Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw, Japan, dental implants

Introduction: Bone defects present after tooth extraction can often make implantation impossible, without prior guided bone regeneration. Usually horizontal and vertical bone augmentation is required. In this article maxillary alveolar process augmentation, with individual titanium mesh YxOss CBR (ReOss®) and GEM 21S® material, containing PDGF-BB growth factor and alloplastic material - β-TCP, as well as xenogenic and autogenic augmentation material, is described. Material and methods: Maxillary alveolar process augmentation, with individual titanium mesh ReOss® and GEM 21S® material containing PDGF-BB growth factor and alloplastic material - β-TCP was performed. Discusion: Guided bone regeneration is widely described in the literature. Although horizontal augmentation is usually a predictable procedure, vertical augmentation is prone to resorption of the augmentation material. It is caused by two limitations - firstly, inadequate bone volume, precluding graft coverage without exposition or excessive soft tissue tension. Moreover, revascularisation of the graft is also a problem, because it decreases with vertical dimension of the grafted material. The use of growth factors, autogenous bone and alloplastic material gives excellent clinical effects. It may help to increase the predictability of vertical augmentation procedures. Due to the use of growth factor PDGF-BB the process of angiogenesis is intensified, while individually designed titanium mesh allows for precise and three-dimensional reconstruction of bone conditions in the intended manner. Keywords: augmentation materials, bone defects, guided bone regeneration, individual titanium mesh, beta-calcium triphosphate, rhPDGF

Immediate implant therapy is increasingly common in most parts of the mouth but seems to be quite rare in the molar region, particularly in the maxilla. With the advent of CBCT scans, it is possible to evaluate this region much more precisely and accurately than with previously existing two- dimensional technologies. We wanted to evaluate maxillary molar teeth that required replacement with implants. We wanted to understand why these regions shrink so dramatically when teeth are removed and we wanted to see if this shrinkage could be prevented by placing implants with simultaneous augmentation. We needed to assess the proximity of the sinus and to see if the implant procedure would require sinus augmentation as part of the therapy. Keywords: maxilla, implants, sinus, CBCT, extractions, dental anatomy, bone height

Traditionally, failing maxillary molars are extracted, then allowed to heal before implant placement. Considerable loss of alveolus frequently accompanies this. Therapy is lengthy and multi-staged. We wanted to know if might be possible to speed the therapy and reduce the loss of alveolus by placing implants immediately following the extractions. Keywords: maxilla, implants, sinus, CBCT, extractions, immediate placement

Traditionally, failing mandibular molars are extracted then allowed to heal before implant placement. Considerable loss of alveolus frequently accompanies this. Therapy is lengthy and multi-staged. We wanted to know if might be possible to speed the therapy and reduce the loss of alveolus by placing implants immediately following the extraction. Keywords: mandible, implants, sinus, CBCT, extractions, immediate placement, molar

Surgically intensive procedures can be difficult for the patient to tolerate and to recover from. In 86 consecutive patients who received immediate implant placements following the extraction of maxillary or mandibular molars, we wanted to know if their post-therapy healing was eventful and if there were any particular adverse sequelae. Keywords: mandible, maxilla, implants, sinus, CBCT, extractions, immediate placement, molar

Recent advances in diagnostic and planning capabilities for guided implant placement have allowed for an increasingly faster, simpler and easier workflow. Using new technology, the dental team is able to virtually design and produce surgical guides within the office. This can be achieved using a CBCT scan, an intraoral scan, surgical guide planning software, and a 3D printer. After the surgical guide is manufactured, the guide can be used to help construct abutments and provisional restorations prior to the surgical appointment. Keywords: maxilla, implants, sinus, CBCT, immediate placement, surgical guide, implant planning

Prior to the surgical appointment, diagnostic periapical radiographs, a CBCT Scan, and an intraoral scan were taken to virtually plan dental implants, to design and 3D print a surgical guide, and create temporary restorations. With these materials developed from the Planning Stage it was possible to approach the Clinical Procedure with greater confidence. The Surgical Guide was the critical component and this would be used with the Camlog Guide Pilot drills. Also prepared from the planning stage were provisional abutments and crowns as well as temporary bonded bridges. Keywords: maxilla, implants, sinus, CBCT, immediate placement, surgical guide, implant planning, immediate provisional

Objectives: To obtain a natural emergence profile and optical characterictics in anterior implant supported crowns by fabricating individually designed and digitally fabricated lithium-disilicate abutment crowns without the need of intra-oral cementation procedures. Materials and Methods: One-stage surgery with a bone level implant (Camlog; diameter: 3.8 mm and height: 11 mm) was conducted on a patient with a maxillary left lateral incisor congenital absence. After a healing period of 16 weeks, a titanium base (Camlog Titanium base CAD/CAM) was placed on the implant and a digital impression was obtained (Cerec Bluecam AC, Sirona). Due to the appropriate vestibulo-palatal position of the implant, screw hole of the abutment could be positioned on the palatal surface of the crown. Therefore, a single piece abutment crown was designed and manufactured from a lithium-disilicate CAD/CAM block (e.max CAD abutment solutions, A16, MO, Ivoclar Vivadent) (Cerec MCXL, Sirona). Following the crystallization procedures, the ceramic part was stained, glazed and luted on the titanium base using an opaque self-cure resin cement (Multilink hybrid abutment cement, Ivoclar Vivadent). The margin line was mechanically polished and the abutment crown was placed and torqued with 35Ncm. The patient was followed-up for gingival contour and papillae formation for 36 months without any complaints. Conclusion: Screw-retained monolithic abutment crown revealed successful gingival contour and health together with optimum estethic optical properties. Keywords: lithium-disilicate, CAD/CAM, screw-retained crown

Objecives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of short implants (9mm) in posterior maxilla region aDer 2 years in function. Material and Methods: This study included 15 patients treated with 42 Conelog® Screw Line (Camlog® Implant System, Camlog, Wimsheim, Germany) implants supporting 57 fixed prosthesis in posterior maxilla region. Sixteen implants were placed with sinus augmentation and 26 short implants were placed without any augmentation procedures. The stability values recorded by RFA were taken at surgery and at healing caps application appointment. Implants were loaded after four months. Marginal bone loss, stability, gingival index, bleeding index, and plaque index were evaluated. Repeated-measurement ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test, Wilcoxon signed rank test and paired samples test were used for statistical analysis. Results: All implants were evaluated clinically and radiographically after 6, 12 and 24 months of prosthetic insertion. The success rate of implants after one year was 100%. At the recall examinations, all implants were successfully integrated, demonstrating healthy peri-implant soft tissues as documented by standard clinical parameters. The effect of stability in augmentation, diameter and length of the implant were statistically not significant (p>0,05). Mean marginal bone loss was 0,21±0,36 mm mesially and 0,26±0,41 mm distally after 24 months. Soft tissues were clinically healthy. Clinical outcomes for gingival index, bleeding index and sulcus probing depth increased slightly. Conclusions: As a result, short implants are successful treatment options as long implants which were placed with or without sinus augmentation procedure. Keywords: Short implant, sinus augmentation, clinical and radiographic outcome