International Poster Journal of Dentistry and Oral Medicine, 02/2019

Introductions: This presentation aims to show the role of dental macrophotography and cross polarised photography in shade determination, communication with the laboratory to show morphology to the dental technician, and inner structure and textures of the tooth, especially when we have to make a frontal tooth ceramic restoration. This presentation also shows the role of chairside macro dental photography when we make a direct composite restoration. This presentation also reveals that by using cross polarised photography, we can see and define the correct shade of the tooth, because cross polarised photography removes reflections of light from the surface of the tooth, so we also can see the internal structure of the tooth, its shape, positioning of mamelons, and translucency. Also, if we are going to us PC software to edit the cross-polarised photo that we have stored in the .raw file format, then these features will be highlighted, so we will have a clearer vision of opalescence, intensiveness, and characterisations such as halo, chromatic spots, fissures, and cracks. Conclusion: The usage of macro dental photography in combination with cross-polarised filter and proper editing of .raw files allow us to better see the tooth structure and enables us a better communication with the laboratory. It also enables us to choose the natural forms, the same colour, and gives us opportunities to make hidden direct or indirect restorations. Keywords: dental photography, shade determination, cross polarisation photography

It has been estimated that dental anxiety and pain before, during, and after treatment affects 4-30% of the population worldwide. Avoidance of dental treatment owing to anxiety is common and associated with deterioration of oral health. To overcome this, dentists have become a leading proponent of alternative music therapy. Stress is responsible for ulcers, delayed wound healing, and periodontitis due to suppressed glucocorticoid receptor-alpha. It is enhanced by music as it works on the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and reduces cortisol levels. Music increases levels of immunoglobulins, providing better immunity to oral tissues. Salivary flow improves as stress is reduced. The white noise effect and leading a procedure by playing music before treatment give positive responses from patients. Music therapy is frequently used as palliative care in cancer patients to improve quality of life by addressing their psychological needs and facilitating communication. Music distracts attention from pain by overcoming unpleasant sounds by acting on the descending pain modulation system. Hence, it is non-invasive, analgesic, anxiolytic, cost effective with increased levels of creativity and optimism in patients and dentists. Music therapy can be considered an acceptable, affordable, and feasible modality for improvement of quality of oral and systemic health of people. "Music washes away from the soul the dust of everyday life" - Berthold Auerbach Keywords: Stress, anxiety, analgesic, oral health, quality of life, periodontitis, music therapy, palliative care

Purpose: This case study describes decision-making where a permanent tooth is inadvertently extracted in a child with complex congenital cardiac disease (CCCD). Methods: The clinical situation, decision-making, expected outcome and follow-up are described. Case report: A 3-year-old child with a background of hypoplastic right ventricle presented with severe early childhood caries. This necessitated comprehensive treatment under general anaesthetic (GA) to prepare him for further surgery. In the pre-operative radiographs, a clearly defined but apparently hypoplastic dental follicle of tooth 45 was seen in the furcation of the roots of tooth 85. This localised hypoplasia was assumed to be related to the gross infection of tooth 85. When 85 was extracted, the follicle of 45 was attached to its roots in the furcation. Results: The decision not to replant the bud was made because: a) the site for reimplantation was chronically infected, giving a poor prognosis for replantation and increasing the child's risk of infective endocarditis; b) aspiration risk secondary to early loss post-GA was a concern; c) detaching the follicle from the primary molars roots to replant it could have further damaged the bud; d) the child's young age and poor cooperation would make appropriate surveillance impossible; and d) the event of failure would entail a likely repeat GA. The child's mother was informed about the event. Favourable mesial drift of the permanent first molar is to be expected. The tissue was sent to histopathology to confirm the clinical findings. Summary: Although the loss of a permanent successor during extraction of a primary tooth is unfortunate, the child's overall health is the overriding factor in decision-making. Conclusion: Maintaining a healthy mouth is important in CCCD. This case demonstrates the complexity of treatment planning for children with CCCD and further highlights the importance of well-maintained oral health from an early age. Keywords: complex congenital cardiac disease, inadvertently extracted, successor follicle attached to infected primary tooth

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate if the Timed Test for Money Counting (TTMC), complemented with testing the range of shoulder motion by gripping the back of the neck (NG), predicts the ability of geriatric inpatients to independently perform effective oral hygiene. Methods: This clinical study was conducted between May 2016 and May 2017 at the Geriatric Clinic of Jena University Hospital and involved 74 hospitalised geriatric inpatients aged between 66 and 98 years (mean age: 84.1 years). Oral examination included diagnosis of dental caries with the DMFT Index, periodontal health with the Periodontal Screening Index (PSI), dental plaque on natural teeth with the Turesky modified Quigley-Hein Index (TI), and plaque on removable dentures with the Denture Hygiene Index (DHI). Self- perceived oral hygiene was assessed by questionnaire. The TTMC and NG were performed and recorded, as were the completeness of the test procedure and the time needed to complete the test. After autonomous tooth brushing and denture cleaning by the patient, oral hygiene was scored again with the TI and DHI. Data regarding comprehensive geriatric assessment were collected from medical records. Ethics approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Jena University Hospital (4590-11/15). Results: Forty-nine (66.2%) geriatric inpatients completed the TTMC&NG successfully. Passing the TTMC&NG was significantly associated with better self-performed oral hygiene. There was a weak correlation between plaque reduction rates and the time needed to complete the test. The sensitivity of the TTMC&NG for above average plaque reduction was 86.4% on teeth and 77.8% on dentures. The test revealed a negative predictive value of 75.0% to detect below average plaque reduction on teeth and 72.7% for dentures. Conclusions: The TTMC&NG served as a suitable predictor for the ability of geriatric inpatients to autonomously perform effective tooth brushing and denture cleaning. The expenditure of time was only about 5 minutes and might help the medical staff to identify geriatric patients unable to perform effective oral hygiene independently. Keywords: oral Hygiene, timed test for Money counting, assessment

The ability of the brain to process sensory information from the environment is an area of interest in behavioural neuroscience. Sensory process is a way in which the central nervous system of the body receives messages from the senses and uses that information to act inappropriate motor & behavioral responses. Senses are fundamental to a child's ability to learn to function in an environment. Sensory stimuli encountered in the dental office have the potential to increase negative responses and make it more difficult for paediatric dentist to work. Understanding children with sensory processing disorder could be a key for the paediatric dentist to modify treatment in the dental setting. These children don't behave as we expect them to - not because they won't, but because they can't. This poster describes the role of different therapists and the paediatric dentist as a team in obtaining trail blazing results. Keywords: Sensory process, senses, behavior, neuroscience

Aim: The prevalence of periodontal disease (PD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) is on the rise worldwide. Both diseases have been proven to have a bidirectional relationship. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, practice, and opinions of medical officers regarding PD in their diabetic patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving medical officers and family medicine specialists was conducted in 76 Perak government health clinics. A self-designed standardised self-administered questionnaire consisting of four domains was used. Upon completion, respondents were provided information sheets for further reading. Results: 314 (91.8%) out of 342 eligible participants took part in the study. Only about half of the respondents sometimes enquired about their patients' oral health (56.7%), informed them of their increased susceptibility to PD (44.6%), and advised them to go for dental screening (44.9%). Respondents had limited knowledge about PD, but they were well-read about the link between PD and DM. The majority (97.8%) were eager to learn more about PD and its impact on systemic health. More than 90% of them showed great interest in expanding their practice to include a brief oral health intervention. Most of the respondents (77.4%) supported the inclusion of oral health screening in their diabetes clinical monitoring protocol and felt it would be beneficial for their patients (88.5%). Conclusion: Most respondents had a less than ideal oral health intervention practice. However, they were keen in expanding their knowledge and providing a brief oral health intervention to their patients. This will improve patient care and periodontal health of diabetic patients. Keywords: knowledge, diabetes mellitus, practice, periodontal diseases, medical

Professional appearance contributes to the first impression. Attire choices should attempt to balance professional appearance, comfort, and practicality with the potential role of apparel. Attire and styles might be subject to cultural sensitivity. Moreover, they also could be perceived differently according to gender and paediatric practice. Attires have to be less intimidating and child friendly in paediatric dentistry. Parents harbour conscious and unconscious biases when it comes to the clinical demeanour of dental staff in a hospital. Dental staff need to focus on their attire, which would help in building quick rapport and trust in children and parents. This e-poster portrays the perceptions of parents towards the dental staff in a paediatric department in a hospital. Keywords: Appearance, paediatric practice, attires, demeanor, rapport