Dental agenesis is the most commonly encountered dental anomaly in humans. Oligodontia, however, is a rare condition that involves the congenital absence of six or more teeth, excluding the third molars. Treatment of oligodontia requires an interdisciplinary approach. The prosthetic treatment plan should carefully consider esthetic and functional rehabilitation but should take a conservative approach. Adhesive techniques, combined with the new ceramic materials, permit functional and esthetic prosthetic restorations that are more conservative in comparison to those used in the past. Ultrathin occlusal veneers without tooth preparations may represent a good esthetic and conservative approach for oral rehabilitation of patients affected by severe hypodontia.