This paper intends to review the Thermafil® system (Dentsply Maillefer, Konstanz, Germany) from the practitioner's point of view. A brief introduction to Thermafil and description of the system is followed by a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of this filling technique, based on a review of the pertinent literature, and concludes with two case reports. Keywords: extrusion, gutta-percha carrier system, leakage, root canal filling, thermoplasticised gutta-percha