Purpose: To evaluate the survival of maxillary anterior cantilever resin-bonded metalceramic (MC) and all-ceramic (AC) fixed dental prostheses (RBFDPs). Materials and Methods: Between August 2007 and December 2009, 40 patients received 40 RBFDPs made of either cobalt-chromium-ceramic (n = 20) or glass-infiltrated alumina (In-Ceram, Vident; n = 20) and were followed up until December 2012. Restorations were adhesively cemented (Panavia 21, Kuraray). Results: Two fractures were observed with AC. No debondings were observed with MC (n = 0) but were observed with AC (n = 3). The difference in survival rates of MC and AC was not significant (MC: 100%; AC: 90%; P = .15) (Kaplan-Meier method, confidence interval = 95%). Conclusions: Cantilever AC RBFDPs could be a promising alternative to MC RBFDPs for replacement of missing anterior incisors, provided that no mechanical complications were experienced with the latter.