Poster 2155, Language: EnglishPonmullai, Balakrishnan / Lee, Kah Hang / Lau, Li Xin / Law, Khai Sing / Shyam, Sangeetha / Vijayaraman, Kiruthiga Perumal / Suan Phaik, Khoo
Background: Plasma insulin is a surrogate marker for insulin resistance. Research shows a significant correlation between plasma and salivary insulin (sINS) levels. Current evidence indicates the potential use of salivary biomarkers for the diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). A family history (FHx) of T2DM and hyperinsulinemia is a predicting factor for the future occurrence of T2DM. Periodontitis is an early sign of diabetes mellitus and is a valuable risk indicator.
Aims and Objectives: We aim to investigate the association between sINS with FHx of T2DM and periodontal status in a normoglycemic Malaysian population. Methodology: 54 subjects with a mean age of 35.8 years having HbA1c levels <5.6%, random blood glucose level <5.6mmol/L, BMI <27.5kg/m2, and devoid of systemic diseases were recruited. Information on FHx of T2DM and 4ml whole saliva samples were collected from subjects. Periodontal status assessment was done using the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN). The total concentration of sINS was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data were analysed using the Mann Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis test.
Results: 32 subjects had FHx of T2DM, and 22 subjects did not have a FHx (p=0.25). The mean sINS concentration was significantly higher in subjects with FHx of T2DM (n=39.51µIU/ml) compared to those without FHx (n=20.15µIU/ml) (p=0.01). Periodontal status is not significantly correlated with sINS concentration (p=0.33) and FHx of T2DM (p=0.42)
Conclusion: sINs was associated with FHx of T2DM but not in periodontal disease. Thus, sINS can be further investigated as a non-invasive marker for T2DM risk that is independent of periodontal status.
Keywords: Salivary insulin, non-invasive marker, family history of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, periodontal status