Purpose – Compare the morphometric results of immediate implants (Type 1C) with a

cylindrical (conventional) or triangular neck, in the anterior region of the maxilla,

during 6 months of osseointegration. Materials and Methods – Prospective randomized

clinical trial with a sample of 20 individuals randomly assigned to each group (10

triangular neck implants and 10 cylindrical neck implants). Consecutively direct

measurements were performed: before (T-1) and after tooth extraction (T0), after

implant placement (T1), after 1 month of the submerged implant healing (T2), when

placing the healing abutment (T3), after placing the definitive crown (T3), and after 6

months of osseointegration (T4). Results – A significant difference between T1 and T3

in the buccal cortical thickness was identified (0.49Å}0.86mm). Although there was a

significant increase in the buccal cortical thickness in both implants, this increase was

greater for the triangular neck implants (cylindrical shape: 0.08Å}0.59 vs. triangular neck

0.90Å}0.91mm). It was also observed that implants placed below the buccal bone crest

(í-1mm) promote less vertical buccal bone loss than implants placed Ñ-1mm at crest

level (-0.65Å}0.52mm vs. -1.42Å}0.86mm). This observation needs to be further

investigated in additional studies. Conclusions – The triangular neck implants present an

increase in the cortical buccal thickness compared to the cylindrical implants. However,

this increase does not fully compensate the remodulation after tooth loss.