In this two-part case presentation, the benchmarks of our treatment planning principles are briefly exposed and their application is discussed with regards to a 35-year-old female patient with multiple failing restorations and an esthetic complaint regarding the maxillary anterior teeth. In the first part, our four treatment principles were proposed, the patient's main problems were presented and three treatment options were discussed. In the second part, the treatment choice is disclosed along with the decisionmaking process, the respective diagnostic procedures involved, and finally the sequential treatment. The aim of these articles is to stimulate a debate and to promote therapeutic choices that take into account the evolution of contemporary dental medicine.