Nanotechnology is defined as science and engineering performed on a nanoscale, which is 1 to 100 nanometres (nm). These particulates exhibit a notably large surface area that is ideal for biocompatibility, drug delivery and material strength. Nanoparticles' applications in dentistry are in their infant stages and consist of treating dentinal hypersensitivity, decreasing the prevalence of dental plaque and improving the currently used dental materials, with increased antibacterial efficacy. Of immediate and pertinent interest to the endodontist is the need for a more effective intracanal irrigant, vis à vis disinfection; thus warranting a nanoscopic approach via liposomes in a targeted delivery of antimicrobial agents. The overall role of nanoparticles in endodontics may not be overarchingly obvious, but its recent impact on tissue engineering is remarkable with future integrations and applications in the offing. This brief review attempts to illustrate some of the prospective endodontic applications of nanotechnology, prevalent in the biomedical community, in addition to the relevant obstacles facing its clinical use today. Schlagwörter: antimicrobials, composite materials, disinfection, hypersensitivity, irrigation, nanoparticles, regeneration, root canal sealants