Purpose: Dental implant treatment is one of the most successful methods to replace lost teeth. However, several factors play a role in the early failure of implants, which could occur prior to the insertion of the restorative component. This study aimed to investigate the rate of early implant failure in the maxillary posterior area with and without sinus augmentation and other related risk factors.
Materials and Methods: Data were collected from the records of patients who received implant treatment in the posterior maxilla (premolars and molars). The information included whether the sinus was augmented or not, method of augmentation, sex, age, smoking, and medical history. In addition, length and diameter of the implant, whether the sinus membrane was perforated or not, implant sites, patients who received implants both with and without sinus augmentation, and manufacturers of the implants were also recorded.
Results: A total of 1,343 patients who received 2,323 implants were included with a failure rate equal to 4.4%. Logistic regression showed that failure rate was significantly associated with smoking (odds ratio [OR]: 7.843), diabetes (OR: 3.190), older age groups (OR: 1.027), and long implants (OR: 1.177). Failure rate significantly decreased with the lateral augmentation procedure (OR: 0.345).
Conclusion: The results suggested that the lateral augmentation procedure was negatively associated with failure rate. Yet, old age, smoking, diabetes, and longer implants showed a positive association with the increased rate.